极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 260-267.DOI: 10. 13679/j.jdyj.20200038

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

“雪龙2”号冰区表层海水采集系统的设计与实现

袁东方1；王硕仁1;>陈清满1；刘志兵2；廖周鑫1；夏寅月1   

  1. 1中国极地研究中心, 上海 200136; 2中国船舶及海洋工程设计研究院, 上海 200011
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-22 修回日期:2020-08-21 出版日期:2021-06-30 发布日期:2021-05-31
  • 通讯作者: 王硕仁
  • 基金资助:
    新建极地科考破冰船项目(发改投资[2015]429号)

Design and implementation of surface water sampling system of Xuelong 2

Yuan Dongfang1,Wang Shuoren1,Chen Qingman1, Liu Zhibing2, Liao Zhouxin1,Xia Yinyue1   

  1. 1Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China;  2Marine Design & Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200011, China
  • Received:2020-04-22 Revised:2020-08-21 Online:2021-06-30 Published:2021-05-31
  • Contact: Wang Shuoren

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摘要： 表层海水采集系统是现代科学考察船装备的基础科考设备, 通过连续水样采集, 可以为走航观测设备、实验室以及培养容器连续提供表层海水, 并获取表层海水pCO2、温度、盐度、叶绿素、营养盐等基础数据。南、北极科考要求表层海水采集系统在南北极浮冰区以及南大洋区域提供实时、高保真以及连续的表层海水。由于极地考察海域的特殊性, 表层海水采集系统常会遇到问题, 如: 在浮冰区经常被碎冰堵塞吸口导致无法正常供应表层海水、海洋生物在管道内附着导致管道污染、海水在输送过程中升温导致无法保持其原位状态、管道生锈污染海水等。为解决上述问题, “雪龙2”号在“雪龙”号的基础上, 对防冰堵、海水高保真、实时性、防海生物污染等几个关键技术点进行重点设计, 成功建成了一套可在冰区连续运行作业的表层海水采集系统, 经过中国第36次南极考察一个航次实践, 大概率降低冰堵情况的发生, 获取了大量珍贵的科考数据。

关键词: “雪龙2”号, 表层海水采集系统, 极地, 破冰船

Abstract: The surface seawater sampling system is a basic component of scientific research equipment on a scientific research vessel, providing continuous surface seawater sampling for instruments such as FerryBox, laboratory instruments and incubators. It can provide continuous monitoring of pCO2, pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, salinity, chlorophyll, turbidity, nutrients (NH4+, NO2−, NO3−, PO43− and SiO32−) and methane in surface seawater. To obtain accurate data, a real-time, high-fidelity and continuous surface sea water supply is needed for monitoring and research. Because of the particularity of the operation area, the sampling system faces common problems in polar regions; for example, the suction mouth is often blocked by broken ice in the pack-ice zone, marine organisms adhere to the pipeline wall and cause pollution, the seawater temperature rises rapidly during transportation, and pipeline rust contaminates seawater samples. To solve the above problems, the Xuelong 2 was designed with regard to several key points such as anti-icing, high-fidelity seawater sampling, real-time collection, and prevention of biological pollution. We successfully designed a surface seawater sampling system that can operate continuously in the pack-ice zone during the 36th CHINARE (Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition), markedly reduce the occurrence of ice blockage with a high probability, and obtain a large amount of valuable data for scientific research.

Key words: Xuelong 2, surface seawater sampling, FerryBox, polar, icebreaker